{"id":5125,"date":"2019-03-09T13:57:42","date_gmt":"2019-03-09T06:57:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/?p=5125"},"modified":"2019-03-09T13:57:42","modified_gmt":"2019-03-09T06:57:42","slug":"mahatma-gandhi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/mahatma-gandhi\/","title":{"rendered":"Mahatma Gandhi"},"content":{"rendered":"<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-5125-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"http:\/\/brhuynhquang.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/4-Track-04.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"http:\/\/brhuynhquang.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/4-Track-04.mp3\">http:\/\/brhuynhquang.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/4-Track-04.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u v\u1ec1 Maritzburg, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Natal, Gandhi ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch da tr\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi da m\u00e0u trong toa t\u00e0u; Gandhi b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i xu\u1ed1ng toa h\u1ea1ng ba. Gandhi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ecb nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean xe l\u1eeda qu\u0103ng h\u00e0nh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1ng ng\u00e0i ra kh\u1ecfi toa t\u00e0u. T\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng ch\u1edd, n\u1ed7i ngh\u1eb9n ng\u00e0o cay \u0111\u1eafng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ea9n hi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed: \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?\u201d Ng\u00e0i t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7: Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi h\u00e0nh tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf \u0111i, ng\u00e0i ch\u1ee7 \u00fd \u0111i t\u00e0u l\u1eeda v\u1edbi v\u00e9 h\u1ea1ng ba \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u ch\u1ea1m s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 Mahatma Gandhi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhen nh\u00fam \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1ef1 do nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n cho c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i? Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i n\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t cho nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn?!<\/p>\n<div class=\"simplePullQuote right\">\n<p>Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf trao cho t\u00f4i [m\u00f3n qu\u00e0] tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c\u2026[tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c] t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">* * *<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5588 size-medium alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931-768x958.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931-250x312.jpg 250w, https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931-550x686.jpg 550w, https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931.jpg 800w, https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931-144x180.jpg 144w, https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Mahatma-Gandhi_studio_1931-401x500.jpg 401w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>Mahatma Gandhi[i] (1869- 1948) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u1edbi s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n trong tay ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu thua. B\u1ecb t\u1ed1ng ng\u1ee5c b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n v\u00ec nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n tham gia phong tr\u00e0o Satyagrahis \u2013 phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, Gandhi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Anh hoang mang, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00fd ch\u00ed ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau chu\u1ed9ng t\u1ef1 do b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n<p>Gandhi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Satyagrahis, nh\u01b0ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. \u201cM\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 do c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Gandhi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n Satyagrahis b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh. Ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c thay cho h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Gandhi, tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea1o quy\u1ec1n. Khi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo l\u1eafng cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i, Gandhi x\u00e1c t\u00edn: \u201cTh\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf trao cho t\u00f4i [m\u00f3n qu\u00e0] tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c\u2026[tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c] t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i.\u201d Ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1919, sau khi Gandhi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tuy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng thanh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9; vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Anh lo s\u1ee3; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 tay gi\u1ebft kho\u1ea3ng 1.200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i, g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00edch g\u1ea7n 3.600 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Gandhi, th\u1eadt h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cao qu\u00ed khi b\u1ecb giam t\u00f9 v\u00ec nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u1edf t\u00f9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u1edf t\u00f9 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian suy g\u1eabm cho nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh. D\u00f9 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft giam b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau (1922, 1930, 1933 v\u00e0 1942), nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed, v\u1eabn gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin: Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi quy\u1ec1n cho ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m d\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 hay b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3i. Trong khi \u1edf t\u00f9 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, do s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe sa s\u00fat tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1944, Gandhi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00f9 s\u1edbm h\u01a1n th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1948 ng\u00e0i b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">* * *<\/p>\n<p>Th\u01b0a b\u1ea1n, qua m\u1ee5c <em>S\u1ed1ng Sao Cho \u0110\u1eb9p<\/em>, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u00f9ng nhau h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i Ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn \u2013 Ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng. H\u00f4m nay, m\u1eabu g\u01b0\u01a1ng ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn \u2013 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Gandhi gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng: S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hy sinh ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn \u2013 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u0129 nh\u00e2n Gandhi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00ec s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, gian tr\u00e1 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hay sao? V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng?! H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn chung quanh, nh\u1eefng Gandhi c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3, th\u01b0a b\u1ea1n!<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/brhuynhquang.org\/\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>Br.Huynhqu\u1ea3ng<\/em><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<hr size=\"1\" \/>\n<p>[i]<em>T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1eeb<\/em> www.buzzle.com\/articles\/facts-about-gandhi.html,v\u00e0 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.mkgandhi.org\/bio5000\/bio5index.htm\">http:\/\/www.mkgandhi.org\/bio5000\/bio5index.htm<\/a> (truy c\u1eadp 18-1-2011).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u00f4m nay, m\u1eabu g\u01b0\u01a1ng ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn \u2013 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Gandhi gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng: S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hy sinh ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":5588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":[],"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[70],"series":[],"class_list":["post-5125","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-song-sao-cho-dep","tag-kien-nhan-kien-cuong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5125","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5125"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5125\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5588"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5125"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5125"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5125"},{"taxonomy":"series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/series?post=5125"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}