{"id":12818,"date":"2023-08-25T17:35:15","date_gmt":"2023-08-25T10:35:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/?p=12818"},"modified":"2023-08-25T17:35:15","modified_gmt":"2023-08-25T10:35:15","slug":"hoc-hoi-phuc-am-chua-nhat-xxi-thuong-nien-nam-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gdvsdt.com\/blog\/hoc-hoi-phuc-am-chua-nhat-xxi-thuong-nien-nam-a\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u1eccC H\u1eceI PH\u00daC \u00c2M CH\u00daA NH\u1eacT XXI TH\u01af\u1edcNG NI\u00caN – N\u0103m A"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1eddi Ch\u00faa (Mt 16,13-20)<\/h3>\n

13<\/sup>\u00a0Khi \u1ea5y, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00ea-su \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n X\u00ea-da-r\u00ea Phi-l\u00edp-ph\u00ea, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 r\u1eb1ng : \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i Con Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ai ?\u201d\u00a014<\/sup>\u00a0C\u00e1c \u00f4ng th\u01b0a : \u201cK\u1ebb th\u00ec n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Gio-an T\u1ea9y Gi\u1ea3, k\u1ebb th\u00ec b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u00ca-li-a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i cho l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Gi\u00ea-r\u00ea-mi-a hay m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9.\u201d\u00a015<\/sup>\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00ea-su l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi : \u201cC\u00f2n anh em, anh em n\u00f3i Th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ai ?\u201d\u00a016<\/sup>\u00a0\u00d4ng Si-m\u00f4n Ph\u00ea-r\u00f4 th\u01b0a : \u201cTh\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng Ki-t\u00f4, Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng.\u201d\u00a017<\/sup>\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00ea-su n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng : \u201cN\u00e0y anh Si-m\u00f4n con \u00f4ng Gi\u00f4-na, anh th\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ph\u00fac, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e0m nh\u00e2n m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i cho anh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 Cha c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y, \u0110\u1ea5ng ng\u1ef1 tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi.\u00a018<\/sup>\u00a0C\u00f2n Th\u1ea7y, Th\u1ea7y b\u1ea3o cho anh bi\u1ebft : anh l\u00e0 Ph\u00ea-r\u00f4, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 T\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00e1, tr\u00ean t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y, Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd x\u00e2y H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y, v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1eed th\u1ea7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1eafng n\u1ed5i.\u00a019<\/sup>\u00a0Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd trao cho anh ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi : d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, anh r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ; d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, anh th\u00e1o c\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u00e1o c\u1edfi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.\u201d\u00a020<\/sup>\u00a0R\u1ed3i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea5m c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i cho ai bi\u1ebft Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng Ki-t\u00f4.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

HO\u0323C H\u1eceI:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Trong b\u00e0i Tin M\u1eebng h\u00f4m nay, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi? H\u1ecfi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, khi n\u00e0o? C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong Tin M\u1eebng M\u00e1t-th\u00eau kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. \u0110\u1ecdc Mt 16,14. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 g\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. \u0110\u1ecdc Mt 16,15-16. T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Si-m\u00f4n Ph\u00ea-r\u00f4 \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n c\u00e1c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng? \u00d4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 \u201cCon Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u201d theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ecdc Mt 11,27; 17,5-6; 26,63-65; 28,19.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. \u0110\u1ecdc Mt 16,17. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu khen \u00f4ng Si-m\u00f4n c\u00f3 ph\u00fac v\u00ec l\u00fd do g\u00ec?<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. \u0110\u1ecdc Mt 16,18. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean m\u1edbi cho \u00f4ng Si-m\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ecdc Ga 1,42; 1 Cr 1,12; 3,22; 9,5; 15,5; Gl 1,18; 2,9; 11,14. \u00d4ng Si-m\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y t\u00ean c\u1ea3 th\u1ea3y?<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. \u0110\u1ecdc Mt 16,18. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu cho \u00f4ng Si-m\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec trong H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh? Ng\u00e0i h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec?<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. \u0110\u1ecdc Mt 16,19. Quy\u1ec1n gi\u1eef ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n g\u00ec? \u0110\u1ecdc Is 22,20-25. Quy\u1ec1n \u201cr\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cth\u00e1o c\u1edfi\u201d l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n g\u00ec?<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Mt 16,17-19 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ea-r\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng? Hi\u1ec7n nay, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o, ai \u0111ang gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    G\u1ee2I \u00dd SUY NI\u1ec6M:<\/h3>\n

    \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng k\u1ebf v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4. B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i tr\u00ean h\u01a1n 1,3 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o? Khi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xin \u01a1n g\u00ec cho \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00e1nh Cha Phanxic\u00f4?<\/span><\/p>\n

    PH\u1ea6N TR\u1ea2 L\u1edcI:<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Trong b\u00e0i Tin M\u1eebng h\u00f4m nay \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i dung. \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3i Con Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 ai?\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cAnh em n\u00f3i Th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 ai?\u201d (Mt 16,13.15). Sau th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0i n\u0103m s\u1ed1ng s\u1ee9 v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng chung v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 xem h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn ra c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng, sau khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0m v\u00e0 nghe nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi Ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y. Bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 th\u0103m d\u00f2 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu s\u1ebd loan b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c Kh\u1ed5 n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 Ph\u1ee5c sinh c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i cho c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7. Ng\u00e0i nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi.<\/span>
      \n\u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1eb7t hai c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y khi Ng\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111ang \u1edf X\u00eadar\u00ea Phil\u00edpph\u00ea. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n s\u00f4ng Gio\u0111an, thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5t d\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i. Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf X\u00eadar\u00ea Aug\u00fatt\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho vua H\u00ear\u00f4\u0111\u00ea C\u1ea3; vua n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd k\u00ednh ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Aug\u00fatt\u00f4. Con c\u1ee7a vua n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Phil\u00edp \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eeda sang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i t\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 X\u00eadar\u00ea Phil\u00edpph\u00ea.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. \u0110\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng coi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 Gioan T\u1ea9y gi\u1ea3 (x. Mt 14,2), l\u00e0 \u00calia, l\u00e0 Gi\u00ear\u00eamia hay m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 (Mt 16,14). D\u00f9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i chung, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang coi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 (x. Mt 21,11), v\u00ec Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0103n n\u0103n s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u l\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 th\u1eddi x\u01b0a. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf d\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu. Ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, \u00cdtraen \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9 trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Tuy nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. \u00d4ng Sim\u00f4n Ph\u00ear\u00f4 tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng Kit\u00f4, Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng (Mt 16,15-16). \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu \u0111\u00e3 khen \u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00fac v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00fang c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng Kit\u00f4, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng M\u00easia, \u0110\u1ea5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u. Trong C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc, c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c vua, hay \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n s\u1ee9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ee9c d\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch v\u1ee5 (L\u00ea-vi 8,12; 1 Vua 1,39; 19,16). V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu, d\u00e2n \u00cdtraen ch\u1edd mong m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Vua M\u00easia thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i vua \u0110av\u00edt, theo l\u1eddi Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi v\u1ecb vua n\u00e0y (x. 2 Sm 7,8-17). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u00ear\u00f4, Th\u1ea7y Gi\u00easu ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng d\u00e2n \u00cdtraen mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb l\u00e2u.<\/span>
      \nPh\u00ear\u00f4 c\u00f2n tuy\u00ean x\u01b0ng Th\u1ea7y Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 \u201cCon Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1ng.\u201d Tuy trong C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb vua hay m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa, nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y Ph\u00ear\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u201cCon Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa\u201d theo ngh\u0129a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u Th\u1ea7y Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa theo m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, v\u00ec Ng\u00e0i c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u1edbi Ch\u00faa Cha (x. Mt 11,27). Sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y Th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa theo m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t (Mt 17,5-6; 26,63-65). Khi \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu ph\u1ee5c sinh hi\u1ec7n ra v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7, Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ea7n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i trong t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 Con Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa r\u00f5 n\u00e9t h\u01a1n (Mt 28,19).<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu khen Ph\u00ear\u00f4 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ph\u00fac v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean hay do ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u00a0m\u00e0 \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 ai, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 do Ch\u00faa Cha tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i cho \u00f4ng (Mt 16,17), b\u1edfi l\u1ebd \u201ckh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Con tr\u1eeb Ch\u00faa Cha\u201d (Mt 11,27). Ph\u00ear\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00faa Cha m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i cho v\u1ec1 Ch\u00faa Con, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3ng ph\u00fac. Ch\u00faa Cha c\u0169ng th\u00edch m\u1ea1c kh\u1ea3i Ch\u00faa Con cho m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec7 (Mt 17,5).<\/span><\/li>\n
    5. Th\u1ea7y Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean m\u1edbi cho \u00f4ng Sim\u00f4n. \u201cAnh l\u00e0 Ph\u00ear\u00f4 (Petros), v\u00e0 tr\u00ean t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y (petra), Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd x\u00e2y H\u1ed9i th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y\u2026\u201d (Mt 16,18). Hai t\u1eeb Petros (gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ef1c) hay petra (gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu h\u1ea7u ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Sim\u00f4n c\u00e2u n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Aramaic, ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i. Ng\u00e0i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cAnh l\u00e0 K\u00eapha, v\u00e0 tr\u00ean k\u00eapha n\u00e0y Th\u1ea7y s\u1ebd x\u00e2y\u2026\u201d K\u00eapha c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng trong ti\u1ebfng Aramaic. V\u1eady \u00f4ng Sim\u00f4n, ngo\u00e0i t\u00ean Sim\u00f4n, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean m\u1edbi do Th\u1ea7y Gi\u00easu \u0111\u1eb7t cho l\u00e0 K\u00eapha (x. Ga 1,42). T\u1eeb t\u00ean K\u00eapha (\u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng, ti\u1ebfng Aramaic), Sim\u00f4n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ph\u00ear\u00f4 (\u0111\u00e1, ti\u1ebfng Hy-l\u1ea1p). T\u00ean K\u00eapha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c th\u01b0 Phaol\u00f4 (1 Cr 1,12; 3,22; 9,5; 15,5; Gl 1,18; 2,9; 11,14).<\/span><\/li>\n
    6. Sau khi \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho Sim\u00f4n l\u00e0 K\u00eapha, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng, Th\u1ea7y Gi\u00easu tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd x\u00e2y H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh (ekklesia) c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea7y tr\u00ean T\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 (Mt 16,18). H\u1ed9i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu l\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n d\u00e2n m\u1edbi (qahal), l\u00e0 to\u00e0 nh\u00e0 m\u1edbi, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1n th\u1edd m\u1edbi do ch\u00ednh tay Ng\u00e0i x\u00e2y l\u00ean. Ng\u00e0i d\u00e1m x\u00e2y c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1edbn lao \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean T\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 Sim\u00f4n Ph\u00ear\u00f4, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ecfng d\u00f2n y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i. V\u00e0 Ng\u00e0i c\u00f2n h\u1ee9a, c\u1ea3 qu\u1ef7 d\u1eef hay quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u1eed th\u1ea7n, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 qu\u1eady ph\u00e1, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy xuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3.<\/span><\/li>\n
    7. Sim\u00f4n c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Gi\u00easu trao ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a N\u01b0\u1edbc Tr\u1eddi (Mt 16,19). \u1ede \u00cdtraen, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ch\u00eca kho\u00e1 l\u00e0 vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n cao nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 sau nh\u00e0 vua. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf (Is 22,22), \u201cbu\u1ed9c\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cc\u1edfi.\u201d Quy\u1ec1n bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u1edfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ed3m ba l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c. Bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u1edfi l\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00fang, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec sai, \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p. Bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u1edfi l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn hay lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee9c tin. Bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u1edfi \u0111\u00f4i khi li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n tha hay kh\u00f4ng tha t\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi (Ga 20,23).\u00a0 <\/span><\/li>\n
    8. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng Kit\u00f4 h\u1eefu kh\u00f4ng C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n Mt 16,17-19 ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 th\u00f4i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea5ng k\u1ebf v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh Ph\u00ear\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3. Quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt ra ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, gi\u00fap cho Gi\u00e1o H\u1ed9i l\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00e2n Ch\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7p nh\u1ea5t, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong an b\u00ecnh, th\u00e1nh thi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Lm. Ant\u00f4n Nguy\u1ec5n Cao Si\u00eau, S.J.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

      Thu \u00e2m l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc do Anh Tu\u1ea5n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/h3>\n
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